Theseus Or Hercules? :: essays research papers

Theseus or Hercules?      Theseus is generally deserving of copying. He was an incredible saint in Athens. "Theseus was, obviously boldest of the fearless as all legends seem to be, yet dissimilar to the different saints he was as sympathetic as he was brave." (p. 159). Theseus too was a man of valiance, mind and substantial quality. Hercules then again was what all Greece aside from Athens generally appreciated. He was extremely solid yet wasn't excessively brilliant. Hercules never thought of the outcomes that his activities would achieve before he finished them.      First, Theseus was solid. He battled numerous awful appalling beasts, for example, the Minotaur, "..a beast, half bull, half human.." (p.151), also, went on numerous incredible endeavors, for example, the Quest for the Golden Fleece. Theseus demonstrated his incredible quality in experiences, for example, the one with the Minotaur. Hercules was likewise engaged with numerous incredible experiences in which his extraordinary quality was appeared. Hercules was a lot more grounded than Theseus, however Theseus compensated for this little misfortune in different manners.      Second, Theseus was savvy. As a result of his extraordinary acumen the Athenians, individuals who esteemed idea and thoughts, picked him and not Hercules as their saint. Theseus got away from the Labyrinth and slaughtered the Minotaur. Not one or the other of these assignments were simple and required somebody with fitness dissimilar to Hercules. Theseus consistently considered things and used sound judgment. Hercules' silliness was appeared on numerous events, for example, when he murdered his family and his music educator. Theseus' insight is one entirely significant quality which makes him increasingly deserving of copying.      Third, Theseus was valiant. Truth be told he went on such huge numbers of incredible journeys that an adage experienced childhood in Athens "Nothing without Theseus!" (p. 149). At the point when it was the ideal opportunity for Theseus to look for his dad he would not pass by water " But Theseus wouldn't pass by water on the grounds that the journey was protected and easy." (p. 149). Theseus demanded to take the route via land. His thought was to turn into a legend as rapidly as could reasonably be expected, and he achieved his objective by freeing the place where there is all the banns to explorers on his approach to discover his dad. Theseus had numerous other experiences. He was on the Argo, in the Caledonian chase, just as numerous others. Hercules additionally had numerous experiences yet his were frequently the aftereffect of his own

Abortion Is Not Bad Essays - Fertility, RTT, Human Reproduction

Premature birth Is Not Bad Premature birth isn't awful, rather it is your rationale and argumentation that is inadequate in capacity and comprehension. In the first place, you contend that the nearness of a thumping heart alone fundamentally qualifies an embryo similar to a living person that is qualifies for a privilege to life. While all over this contention may at first seem convincing, it is significantly ailing in logical validation. An embryo during the principal trimester of advancement may have a little drive that looks like a heart beat, yet it totally needs both a cerebrum and a focal sensory system. Truth be told, an arachnid or a fly is considerably more evolved (and has the ability to feel more agony) than a hatchling at an early stage in the second trimester of a pregnancy. Any individual who once in a while squashes a creepy crawly or eats meat is making substantially more agony living creatures than a lady who decides to end her pregnancy. In the event that the nearness of a heart-beat is the a pplicable issue concerning early premature birth, at that point we would definitely be double-dealing to keep on executing creatures (like dairy animals, pigs, and chickens) who have hearts that are considerably more evolved than that of a youthful hatchling. Without a mind or a sensory system, an embryo is minimal in excess of a piece of cells that can't yet work together. To be sure, a baby is minimal in excess of an individual egg or even an individual spermwhile there is positively the potential forever, life has not yet developedthoughts can't happen, torment can't be feltFrom an absolutely organic point of view, your contention is unwarranted. A thumping heart is something that all mammalian embryos create as they develop inside their moms belly. In any case, a thumping heart doesn't qualify a hatchling similar to an autonomous living animal whose presence outweighs the physical and passionate wellbeing of the ladies (in whose belly it briefly dwells). To give the simple protection of a baby priority over the physical and passionate wellbeing of the lady is both biased and pitiless. To deny a lady the option to end her pregnancy is much the same as denying her of any capacity to settle on choices about her body, her self, and her future. The lady is adequately constrained, without wanting to, to expect a character and a future that she typically would have stayed away from. This sort of coersion can for all time harm a people enthusiastic and mental wellbeing. The one thing that makes every one of us an individual is our dynamic opportunity and forces with respect to our own future and activities. Be that as it may, when w e are looted of our capacity to settle on our own choices about our future, our self, and our personality, at that point we are burglarized of our generally fundamental and significant treasureour self. In the event that a lady wishes to acquire an early term abortionto end a pregnancythen she should be permitted to pick this alternative. On the off chance that she id denied a fetus removal, at that point both her and the future youngster will endure immensely. If it's not too much trouble quit seeing fetus removal as something that you ought to have sole command over. A people body is their own, not yours. It is undermining and intrusive when others endeavor to coordinate the lives of their companions. Or maybe supporting the overbearing thought of constrained labor, maybe you should consider the more moderate idea that all individuals ought to have the option to pick the fate of their bodies and regenerative capacities. I advocate neither fetus removal nor labor, rather I essentia lly protect the privilege of a lady to chooseto settle on her own choice about her body and her future. Sex, anti-conception medication, pregnancy, premature birth, and labor are for the most part touchy and complex issues. One must see individuals managing such situations as being people that are stood up to with extraordinary choices and encounters. To discount pregnancy as a solitary alternative state, is to totally disregard the individual conceptive weight of the womanand to group labor as an obligation as opposed to an actual existence choice. Lamentably, this methodology makes ladies captives to their own sexuality and regenerative capacities. I request that men envision their lives being broken by the acknowledgment that, during the following nine months, they were going to practically twofold in size, face very overstated wellbeing dangers and conceivable demise, be constrained to

A-Plus Business Plan Essay - 1375 Words

A-Plus Business Plan (Other (Not Listed) Sample) Content: A-plus Business Consulting Business PlanNameInstitutionTable of Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc389050060"
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10 A-plus Business Consulting Business Plan1.0 Executive SummaryA-Plus Consulting is a startup business consultancy firm specializing on the prov ision of comprehensive business solutions to businesses around the globe. In its specialty, the venture will focus on the provision of IT, Risk Management, Accounting and Auditing, and Project Management solutions to firms operating within the full range business cycle. In its approach, the venture aims at bringing a new breath to business consulting as it will purely focus on working with professionals. In addition to this, the venture aims at working with clients of both the low and the high end with a key focus on the low end ventures requiring such services as described in our core operations (Sloman, 2009). As he notes, the services demand is ever high.The CompanyA-Plus Consulting comprises of a team of five business consultants. Each of the consultants has specialty savvy in a particular discipline: IT, business risk, accounting, auditing, and project management. In addition to this, the services will be offered for sale both offline and online.In its operations, the venture w ill specialize in offering the clients the forenamed services as enlisted below: a) Provision of IT infrastructure, web designing, hosting and cloud computing, as well as online and offline business security; b) Provision of risk management, risk auditing, as well as outsourced risk management training services; c) Accounting services; d) Financial auditing services, forensic audit services, and financial reporting services; e) Project management and project audit services, project monitoring and evaluation, and the related capacity building services.The legitimacy of A-Plus will be based on its registration as a Limited Liability Partnership. All the five partners will further be expected to make equal contribution of the capital required in kick-starting the core business operations. The MarketA-Plus target is to work with the local market as well as with the larger international market. In its strategy, the venture plans to serve the US market, where it will be headquartered. By the end of the first year, the company targets having operations in Canada, and entering the Brazilian and UK markets by the end of the third year. With the core competitors being large international firms: Earnest Young and KPMG (Claudius, Maxwell, 2012), whose market segmentation is mainly large firms, A-plus targets working with small companys and start-ups with the prospect for large market players by the end of the first year. By remaining objective and delivering exceptionally high quality services, A-Plus prospects enjoying a large market penetration by the end of the third year. Laudon and Traveler (n.d) note that this is essential for business success for every start-up.Financial PlanEach of the five partners will be obliged to contribute $20,000 towards the required $100,000 capitation required for the capitation of the business operations. Through this, core business operations will be set on the roll. In addition to this, the venture plans to secure a 10-year loan from ABC Bank. The fund will be used in the construction of A-Plus Center where the business operations will be relocated to at the end of the first year in operation. 1.1 MissionTo be a premier and proffered business consulting service provider in the region.VisionTo offer comprehensive services to within the market through creating sustainable business operations in the areas of specialization1.2 Strategic Plan1.2.1 The Management TeamMr. Christian San, an IT expert with 16 solid years of experience in the field and past experience at Google and IBM, will head the IT services docket. He will further double as the firms CEO. On the other hand, Ms. Edna Surf, a risk management specialist with 12 years of experience at Munich Risk Consultancy, UK, will be in charge of the risk management unit. She will also double as the firms deputy CEO. The Accounting and Auditing unit will be headed by Mr. Alex Simmer. Mr. Simmer brings onboard a wealth of expertise in the field with over 25 years in Earnest Young. At Earnest Young, Mr. Simmer headed the Accounting unit for 8 years before being moved to the audit unit where he worked for 17 years. On this unit, he will be assisted by Ms. Felmer who brings on board 6 years of experience as an auditor with KPMG. Ms. Felmer will further head the business operations and public relations unit. Lastly, the Project management unit will be headed by Ms. Summer T., whose expertise spans from project management to quality assurance. She will, thus, head the project management docket as well as being in charge of quality assurance. The venture will also recruit the head of human resource unit, 3 professional accountants, 2 auditors, 4 IT specialists, 2 qualified risk specialists, and 3 project management specialists. They will facilitate the running of the core business operations. A company secretary cum receptionist will also be hired.1.2.2 Market PositioningA-Plus targets offering its services mainly to start-ups across the U.S with pr ospects of expanding to new markets by the end of the first year. Our services are in high demand; hence, it is expected that the firm will be able to deliver high quality services in all the areas of specialty.1.2.3 Market SegmentationA-Plus aims at operating its operations both online and offline. In this regard, its core services will be offered to the clients online in real-time. However, delivery of offline products such as IT infrastructure will also be done. In case of any training, A-Plus will host webinars with its clientele. His will not only cut on its operational costs but also enhance A-Plus efficiency. Video conferencing facilities will also be used in reaching the clients.During the first year, the core target market will mainly be composed of start-up companies with less than three years of operational experience. However, A-Plus targets reaching 30% of large firms in its clients by the end of its second year while attaining at least 50% balance between large firms a nd start-up firms by the end of the third year.1.3 SWOT AnalysisA-Plus has sufficient skills for running all the core business activities. Below is a SWOT analysis matrix.Strength/OpportunitiesWeakness/ThreatsAvailability of highly qualified staffs personnelLack of adequate financial resources.Access to modern and latest technologies in all specialty areas.Lack of adequate research and market feasibility on the core areas. operation.Excellent market linkages for the first clients.Lack of adequate human capital/staff. Existence...

Death, But Love, And The Mind - 969 Words

â€Å"This was a Poet – / It is That / Distills amazing sense / From Ordinary Meanings† (Dickinson, Fr 446). Emily Dickinson was that poet. Though her life was nowhere near as influential and turbulent as other poets, she managed to bring a fresh, occasionally wry outlook on ordinary things. She is popularly known today for her largely death-related poetry and reclusive lifestyle, yet her life influenced her poetry to encompass many themes, not just death, but love, nature, and the mind. â€Å"To make the abstract tangible, to define meaning without confining it, to inhabit a house that never became a prison, Dickinson created in her writing a distinctively elliptical language for expressing what was possible but not yet realized.† (Poetry Foundation, 2013). Dickinson wrote largely about death, loss and pain. Many of her poems describe death as a suitor, yet a tyrant. Death was the object of fear, and yet it was a blessed way into Heaven- the ultimate release. These negative themes overlapped with her motif of the mind, or the ‘inner world’, and hope. As for love, she treated it with great sincerity, revealing her passion through the intense words. Her poems about love also overlapped with her love of nature, but she did not always view nature as a benevolent being. Dickinson wrote her poems with a specific style, which many deem as ‘cryptic’. This may be due in part to her deep symbolism, and the leaving out of some words, forc ing the readers to finish the connection. SheShow MoreRelatedThe Solution : Forgiveness And Forgiveness802 Words   |  4 Pagesexcept God. what an unpleasant state of mind and spirit. God’s plans is not to harm us, but to prosper us and give us hope and a future. 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Shakespeare demonstrates that life with love transformsRead MoreFears Of Dying Throughout John Keats When I Have Fears1029 Words   |  5 Pagesa representation of how the speaker believes all of the words in his mind will never make it to paper: the mind is compared to ripe crops, which contain seeds for future growth and possibility. The speaker fears his words will forever be stuck in his brain, because he will not have the chance to write them down. The poem is a portrayal of how one believes he will die at a young age and miss out on experiences, such asfinding love. In the first quatrain, the speaker describes his fears of not accomplishingRead MoreAnnabel Poe And The Tell Tale Heart1598 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Allan (â€Å"Annabel†). Poe’s new life was a bumpy ride, â€Å"Allan never legally adopted Poe, and their relationship became a stormy one as Poe reached his teenage years† (â€Å"Tell-Tale†). Poe had a passion to be a writer but Allan had a different path in mind for him. However, Poe ended up taking his own route, which caused trouble for him throughout his life. He was a poet during pre-civil war America and is known for his dark style of writing (Bolden). Throughout Poe’s life, â€Å"Edgar had experienced tragedyRead MoreThe Effects Of Insanity In The Story Of Hamlet1435 Words   |  6 Pagesstate of being mentally ill and not in the common state of mind. During the story of Hamlet insanity is a major factor to many situations. Hamlet showed many of signs of being insane, which also led to the death of others. Many ask, was â€Å"Hamlets insanity real or fake† and if so how did it affect the story in the ways it did. Many also wonder the signs that he shows to be insane and did his sickness cause others to lose the mental state of mind. In the story of Hamlet the actions of others play intoRead MoreAn Analysis Of Anne Sextons Freedom To Die1190 Words   |  5 Pagesclearly and powerfully express her feelings for death and how she perceives it. Sexton is obsessed with death and believes that it give s her purpose which is why she has to commit suicide. Sexton believes that death will put her to rest and that she is meant to be with it, as if it were alive. Throughout the poem, Sexton says how much and why she desires death like how people desire love. In the first stanza, Sexton talks of how her present state of mind is towards suicide. Sexton is describing howRead MoreThe Theme of Death in The Dead Essay1151 Words   |  5 PagesAlthough a scene of a funeral home might come to mind when a reader first hears a short story aptly named â€Å"The Dead,† the tale actually takes place in the festive setting of a winter dance at the home of the two aunts of the main character, Gabriel Conroy. James Joyce’s short story â€Å"The Dead† has a literal title, because its main concept is death – both physical death and spiritual death. Gabriel Conroy and his wife, Gretta Conroy, attend a party held by Gabriel’s aunts, Kate Morkan and JuliaRead MorePresentation of Loss in Birdsong998 Words   |  4 Pagesthe loss of love and the loss of faith. Faulks uses vivid descriptions and contrasting images to place the reader at the scene and make them empathise with the characters. Loss is one of the most poignant themes in the book, and is one that fuels a majority of the lines written. The most common understanding form of loss associated with the First World War is the great loss of life. Faulks chose to try and put this into words and create something so vivid that it would stick to your mind and make youRead MoreThe Five Stages Of Grief951 Words   |  4 PagesDeath is just another state we encounter in the human life. Death is the state of being when the brain and brain stem stop working and the effects become irreversible. Once a person passes, his or her love ones go through many stages of grieving. The famous Kubler-Ross model, commonly referred to as the â€Å"five stages of grief,† is a great representation of the stages. These stages do not occur in any particular order, but it is predicted these stages do occur in most people. The grievers notRead More Describe how Alfred Noyes in The Highwayman creates a stereotypical1470 Words   |  6 PagesDescribe how Alfred Noyes in The Highwayman creates a stereotypical melodramatic atmosphere of romance, treachery, heroism and death (Literature: Response to pre 1900 poetry. Assignment: Describe how Alfred Noyes in The Highwayman creates a stereotypical melodramatic atmosphere of romance, treachery, heroism and death (Literature: Response to pre 1900 poetry. Objectives 1, 2, 3). Alfred Noyes was born in 1880. The Welsh coast and mountains where he grew up were an early inspiration

Who Is Frank Nitti - 1067 Words

Thesis: Organized crime was has flourished in the united states for the past century. There have been countless investigations and studies conducted on this topic. Organized crime is composed of numerous ethnic and transnational groups operating together or apart with legitimate and illegitimate businesses and political entities. One of the most iconic depictions of organized crimes can be seen by the mafia movies, and stories. The media has glamorized these criminals creating the idea that they are like the lone wolf, or Robin Hood of society. This paper will discuss the mob man known as Frank ‘The Enforcer’ Nitti. In addition, the paper will go into detail on who this man is, what he specialized in, what his organization was, who hung around him and also give police officers a profile on this criminal. Who is Frank Nitti?: Francesco Raffaele Nitto (Frank Nitti) was born on January 27, 1886 in the country of Italy. At the age of seven, frank, his mother and older sister immigrated to New York to be with their step father. The family had hopes of living the American dream. Once in the United States, Nitti went to work as a bowling alley pinsetter, then was a factory worker and later became a barber. Due to the fact that frank could speak and write in English he was considered the most job prosperous member of his family. Consequently, Nitti dropped out of school in order to be able to work more. During his teenage years frank continued to work as a barber shop. While thereShow MoreRelatedWho Is Frank Nitti?1461 Words   |  6 Pagesmafia movies, and stories. This paper will discuss the mob man known as Frank ‘The Enforcer’ Nitti. In addition, the paper will go into detail on who this man is, what he specialized in, what his organization was, who hung around him and also give police officers a profile on this criminal. Who is Frank Nitti?: Francesco Raffaele Nitto (Frank Nitti) was born on January 27, 1886 in the country of Italy. At the age of seven, frank, his mother and older sister immigrated to New York to be with their stepRead MoreRoad to Perdition Essay example1016 Words   |  5 Pagesthat Rooney will protect Connor, turns to the Capone gang, run by Frank Nitti (Stanley Tucci), in Chicago. Although Sullivan is viewed as an asset and commands much respect from his underworld cronies, Nitti is protecting Connor and hires a killer to dispatch the unrelenting elder Sullivan. The Michaels, father and son, head for a relative’s home in a town called Perdition, hotly pursued by Maguire (Jude Law), a psychotic assassin who kills his victims and then photographs them. The Sullivan’s six-weekRead MoreProhibition and the Mafia Essay740 Words   |  3 Pagesalcohol. The people who took advantage of this opportunity were known as â€Å"Bootleggers†. With the enactment of this law organized crime was established, allowing men such as Al Capone to capitalize and make millions. Him and many others took a stand against the government and at the same time they profited extremely well off of it Temperance movement advocators brought on the creation of the â€Å"Volstead Act† which was later changed to the 18th amendment and prohibitionist who believed that alcoholRead MoreEssay on The Road to Perdition1580 Words   |  7 Pagesstory’s title suggests that Michael has for many years been traveling the road to hell. He understands as much, and wants his son to avoid the same highway, a road with no off ramps. Then there is John Rooney (Paul Newman in his last feature film role) who is the embodiment of Satan in the film, the pitiless head of an Irish crime family. If his actions weren’t clear enough, he includes the devil in a toast, and late in the film in a conference with Michael below a church tells his younger protà ©gà ©, â€Å"thereRead MoreThe Existence Of Extraterrestrial Life Essay1086 Words   |  5 PagesGiven the huge number of galaxies, stars, and planets estimated to be in the universe, there is a high probability that life has arisen somewhere besides Earth, and the Drake Theory agrees, (What are the odds there is life in outer space?). In 1961 Frank Drake produced a formula that has been debated about for decades (What are the odds there is life in outer space?). The Drake Equation estimates the number of potential intelligent life in our galaxy (What are the odds there is life in outer spaceRead MoreCrj100 Essay1312 Words   |  6 Pagesimmigrant family in Brooklyn, New York in 1899, Al Capone quit school after the sixth grade and associated with a notorious street gang, becoming accepted as a member. Johnny Torrio was the street gang leader and among the other members was Lucky Luciano, who would later attain his own notoriety. About 1920, at Torrio’s invitation, Capone joined Torrio in Chicago where he had become an influential lieutenant in the Colosimo mob. The rackets spawned by enactment of the Prohibition Amendment, illegal brewingRead MoreCrime Of Organized Crime And Criminal Structures1864 Words   |  8 Pagesties to each other become strong when there is especially trust or there could be no trust, however, those ties can become strong at some point. My paper will be about on the organized criminal structures that Frank Costello had. In the book, it has a lot of personal ties telling the reader who ties personally that Costello had with people that is what the paper will be about. In the illegal activities that Costello committed, what type of crimes has he committed. All of the activities that CostelloRead MoreEssay on Al Capone1286 Words   |  6 Pageswrite English. This was not the case with Capones family. Gabrielle Capone, Alponse’s father was one of 43,000 Italians who arrived in the United States in 1894. He was a barber by trade and could read and write his native language. He was from the village of Castellmare Distabia, sixteen miles south of Naples. (Encyclopedia Of World Crime) nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Gabrielle who was thirty years old when he arrived in America brought with him his pregnant twenty seven year old wife Teresina, hisRead MoreAl Capone Essay1485 Words   |  6 Pagesgeneration, Capone was forced to either deal with a miserable low wage job with a hopeless future or make an improvement for himself by committing first petty and then serious crime. Al Capones philosophy was to the effect that laws only applied to people who had enough money to abide by them. While in the Bim Booms Gang, Capone was taught how to defend himself by way of a knife, and if needed, by way of a revolver. 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Caring for the Indigenous People-Free-Samples -Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Caring for the Indigenous Peple. Answer: Introduction: By the term indigenous health, one can refer to the physical, social, emotional as well as the cultural well being of the Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islander people. Due to the exploitation over many centuries by the Europeans, indigenous people have very poor quality life where they are physically, socially and economically unstable. Lack of education, proper health literacy, inaccessibility with the urban healthcare centers, low financial ability and many others have been affected their health conditions largely. Studies say that indigenous Australians are seen to be affected by respiratory disorders, diabetes, cardiovascular issues, kidney disorders and birth problems in higher percentage in comparison to that of the non-indigenous people in the nation (Freeman et al., 2016). However, over time, governmental health care departments have identified the urgency of the situation and they have proposed and implemented various kinds of healthcare programs that would help in addressi ng their concern and give them better quality life. These assignments will be discussing how the programs had helped in overcoming different barriers and providing them with effective care so that better lives are lived by the indigenous people. National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organization National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organization can be described as the national peak body in the nation of Australia that mainly comprises of about 143 Aboriginal Community controlled Health services called the ACCHSs. They are mainly concerned with the health and well-being of the aboriginals trying their best to deliver holistic, culturally appropriate as well as comprehensive care to the community. The community has the power of controlling it through the locally elected Board of Management. This healthcare initiative was important to address the social care needs of the indigenous people (Brigg et al., 2017). The social determinants of health of such people were found to be highly affected because of years of exploitations and torture and the present day situations are worse. Unstable circumstances that were shaped by the distribution of money, power as well as resources of national and local levels needed to be addressed and this program has successfully attended t o the requirements. The program has been highly respectful to the culture of the native people and had accordingly developed initiatives that were culturally sensitive to the people (Shibthorpe et al., 2016). They have made sure to implement strategies by which they have provided accessible health services, flexible approach to care, effective community participation, self determination and empowerment of the native people, continuous quality improvement of the children, providing holistic health care and appointing culturally appropriate and skilled workforce for better service delivery. One of the examples of their initiatives can be stated here. The QUMAX program was established by the effective collaboration between the NACCHO and the Pharmacy Guild of Australia. The Commonwealth Department of Health funded it. This program has sufficiently contributed to the improvement in the quality use of medication. This programs has tried its best to achieve its goal by seven important ini tiatives under the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS). They are cultural education, Dose Administration Aids Agreements and Flexible Funding, Transport, QUM Education, QUM Pharmacy Support, QUM Devices and Home Medicine Reviews (HMR) models of support. Close the Gap campaign for Indigenous health equality: Close the Gap is one of the oldest governmental strategies that mainly aim in reduction of the disadvantages between the different aboriginal as well as Torres Islander people. These are mainly in the fields of poor life expectancy of the native people, child mortality, providing proper access to children for education, proper employment outcomes and many others. This program also tried to attain the Aboriginal and Torres Islanders equality in health within a period of 25 years. Exploitation and severe torture of the Europeans had continued for a huge number of years, which had resulted the native people to develop poor quality life, poor education, deprived opportunities for better living and poor health conditions. The different social determinates of health had been affected in such ways where there was no hope for the native people to overcome their poor living conditions (GGwenye et al., 2016). Therefore, the initiatives of the close the gap campaign were established with differ ent periods like closing life expectancy gap between the native and non-natives within 2031, halving the gap of mortality rates of children under 5 years by 2018, having the gap of employment outcomes within 2018 and many others. Some of the important building blocks of this program had been developing the early childhood of native children in ways by which there remains no gap in the quality of education received by natives and non-native people. Proper parenting programs and supports were also provided so that the children can develop under proper guidance of their parents. These initiatives were also based on providing adequate access to the preventive as well as comprehensive care of the people so that there can reduction in the number of deaths (Angell, Eades Jain, 2017). Closing the gap is also important to meet the economic crisis faced by the native people as it is an important social determinate of health that has great capability to alter the health status of human beings . The campaign also provides importance on the enhancement of the employment opportunities of the indigenous people, business creation opportunities, wealth creation and providing economic independence to the oppressed native people. The plan also referred to various types of social, structural and financial incentives for helping the disadvantaged job seekers and helping them to develop better quality lives. Besides, the initiatives are also taken to develop healthy homes in order to develop their living conditions like water sewage systems, electricity, proper waste collection and many others. Researchers are of the opinion that developing scientifically developed hygienic homes can contribute to development of health of the native people. Besides, safe communities and effective governance and leadership also ensured that the gap found among the native and non-native people in their health conditions and disparities could be met effectively thereby overcoming health disparities. Primary healthcare can be defined as the first line of care in a particular community where the healthcare professionals are considered to be the first level of contact with that of the patients or clients. Such level of care is seen to provide holistic as well as personalized treatment and care for patients of different age groups. They are seen to comprise of different important aspects that include effective public education, proper nutrition to the clients, ensure clean water as well as sanitation, maternal and child healthcare services, immunizations, local diseases control, accessible treatment, drug provision, health screening and many others. Primary healthcare services helps communities in number of ways by helping people to focus on the ways of preventing many communicable as well as non communicable disorders, guidance and improved care to patients, effective early management of health conditions of the community members, reduction in the chances of visiting specialists fo r adverse situations and similar others (Gratzer Goldbloom, 2017). By providing effective primary healthcare, nursing professionals have the capability to address the social determinants of health and counsel and educate clients about the approaches they can take in their life to overcome different barriers. Besides, they can also advocate on behalf of the native people to the higher authorities regarding the necessities of changes of plans required to effectively modify the social determinants of health for betterment (Li et al., 2017). Primary healthcare services remain concerned with the provision of giving the first line of protective and comprehensive care strategies that help patients to modify their lifestyle, habits, diet or social determinants in ways that help them to live better quality life. It is quite different from acute care where treatment is provided after the disorder or diseases have affected individuals. From the strategies taken by the NACCHO, it becomes clear that the initiatives are aimed at providing primary care services to the community members of the natives. The different initiative of NACCHO mainly aims at providing a holistic as well as comprehensive primary health care approach that help in modifying the social determinats in ways by which native people can set the scope of better living (Couzos et al., 2015). Coordinated and integrated activities, strategic partnerships and alliances with different organizations, proactive and responsible actions taken by primary healthcare workers a ll ensure that they can protect the aboriginals from several chronic disorders, help them to learn about different healthy habits, health screening objectives, provision of drugs, medications, and preventive advices that ensure developed health of native people. Initiatives were also taken to maintain the equity and quality of the healthcare services ensuring that no health disparities occur in the community. QUMAX, AUSTRALIAN TRACHOMA ALLIANCE SAFE EYES PROGRAM, Ochre day and many others are all iniatives that are based on primary healthcare services (www.naccho.org.au, 2018). Similarly, the initiatives taken for the close the gap initiatives also aimed at overcoming and successful handling of the structural and social determinants of the health like the unequal distribution of the power, unequal income among the different communities and many others. They also incorporate initiative like aiming the poor conditions of daily life like inappropriate access to healthcare, schools and educations, their homes, conditions at work, opportunities of job and many others. The initiatives of close the gap campaign mainly is focused on educating the native people, developing their health literacy, advocating and ranging for importance of proper living conditions, education for children from early years, diet management programs and any others. All the initiatives follow the principles of primary care addressing the social determinants of health of the native people and therefore both the programs are said to be based on the morals of primary healthcare. Conclusion: From the entire discussion above, it is seen that the government has tried its best to address the health inequalities faced by the native people of Australia. For them, they had proposed different programs like close the gap as well as National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organization in order to address the different social determinants of health of the native people. These initiatives are based on the principles of primary health care and mainly aim at educating people to live better lives. Not only that, several initiatives had been taken by the organizations to provide opportunities to native people by which they can develop the quality of lives and live in better health conditions. Several other initiatives to make them self-sufficient are also done so that the bridge between the quality of lives of native and non naives can be bridged. References: Angell, B., Eades, S., Jan, S. (2017). To Close the Gap we need to identify the best (and worst) buys in Indigenous health.Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, Vol 41(3), pp 224-226. https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12612 Brigg, M., Curth-Bibb, J. (2017). Recalibrating intercultural governance in Australian Indigenous organisations: the case of Aboriginal community controlled health.Australian Journal of Political Science, vol 52(2), pp 199-217. https://doi.org/10.1080/10361146.2017.1281379 Couzos, S., Nicholson, A. K., Hunt, J. M., Davey, M. E., May, J. K., Bennet, P. T., ... Thomas, D. P. (2015). Talking About The Smokes: a large-scale, community-based participatory research project.The Medical Journal of Australia, vol 202(10), pp13-19. doi: 10.5694/mja14.00875 Freeman, T., Baum, F., Lawless, A., Labont, R., Sanders, D., Boffa, J., ... Javanparast, S. (2016). Case Study of an Aboriginal Community-Controlled Health Service in Australia: Universal, Rights-Based, Publicly Funded Comprehensive Primary Health Care in Action.Health and human rights,Vol 18(2), pp93. Reterived from : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5394990/ Gratzer, D., Goldbloom, D. (2017). New government, new opportunity, and an old problem with access to mental health care. https://doi.org/10.1177/0706743716669084 Gwynne, K., Irving, M. J., McCowen, D., Rambaldini, B., Skinner, J., Naoum, S., Blinkhorn, A. (2016). Developing a sustainable model of oral health care for disadvantaged Aboriginal people living in rural and remote communities in NSW, using collective impact methodology.Journal of health care for the poor and underserved, Vol27(1), 46-pp 53. Retrieved from :https://muse.jhu.edu/article/608838/ Li, J. L. (2017). Cultural barriers lead to inequitable healthcare access for aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders.Chinese Nursing Research, vol4(4), pp 207-210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnre.2017.10.009 Sibthorpe, B., Gardner, K., McAullay, D. (2016). Furthering the quality agenda in Aboriginal community controlled health services: understanding the relationship between accreditation, continuous quality improvement and national key performance indicator reporting.Australian journal of primary health, vol 22(4), pp 270-275. https://doi.org/10.1071/PY1513 www.naccho.org.au. (2018).National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation ANNUAL REPORT. [online] Available at: https://www.naccho.org.au [Accessed 4 Apr. 2018]

Planning Is the Best Way to Improve the Quality of the Environment free essay sample

There is no agreed definition of ‘environmental planning’; most studies have had an arduous job in trying to meet a description for it as the environment covers a wide range of issues. In one sense, all Town and Country Planning is concerned with the environment. (Cullingworth Nadin, 1997, p163) But as the issue of environmental concerns have risen up the political agenda a number of non-planning organisations have had an increasing role to play. It must be noted that the role planning in the environment is not a new instrument in its protection; The Clean Air Acts of 1956 and 1968 prohibited the emission of dark smoke, in an effort to improve environmental quality. This essay intends to discuss the main instruments use in the contemporary planning system in the UK, which are handed the task of protecting and improving the environment. It begins by briefly outlining the reasons why planning is used for environmental protection and its new role in promoting sustainability. We will write a custom essay sample on Planning Is the Best Way to Improve the Quality of the Environment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These objectives are highlighted in recent government papers and are explored in the objectives outlined in LA21. The next section reveals how the planning system might be seen as failing these objectives and its shortcomings by a brief comparison with other nations, thus providing conclusions for the suitability of planning as the best way of improving environmental quality. The United Kingdom’s Town and Country Planning system is the framework within which the development and use of land is determined. It provides a structure within which economic, social and environmental considerations can be weighed to help secure sustainable development. (DETR, 1996) Planning has been illustrated as the main advocate in achieving sustainable development; it is placed with the task to guide suitable development within a sustainable context via its development control methods. This seems an obvious choice as the framework within the UK planning system is already in place to successfully implement policy on sustainable development, throughout all levels of government. Traditionally the Town and Country Planning system in the UK has had a pro-development bias, it is argued that in order to improve and maintain the environment, planners have to alter this ethos to accept greener issues. What has always been apparent within the realms of environmental planning is the major role that politics plays. Indeed Britain’s reluctance in environmental concerns was partly due to the conservative regimes of promoting a market-led economy, free of state intervention, it was not until the 1980s that the ‘environment’ rose up the political agenda with the potential of being a major vote winner. Before which, it was argued by Thatcher that environmental planning had be taking place for some years via the planner’s use of material considerations. The Conservative government took a dramatic u-turn and its views on state free from intervention were quashed as it accepted the terms outlined in 1992 Earth Summit. The conference held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, hosted talks for one hundred and fifty nations, it was at this conference where sustainability found a structure, in Agenda 21. The following section discusses the issue of sustainable development and its implementation through Agenda 21, outlining the responsibility of the UK planning regime to enhance and protect the environment. Sustainable Development Agenda 21 It is argued that the UK Sustainable Development Strategy should be viewed as providing the guiding principles for environmental planning in the UK. Sustainability is seen as one of the main advocates for providing planning policies that protect and provide quality environments throughout the UK. It is certainly true that the issue of sustainability is a concept that surrounds environmental policy. However its large adoption since the resurrection of green issues in the 1960s has lead to is its overuse and ambiguity. The term has become a symbol of environmentalism in contemporary politics. Governments, academics and environmental groups have tried to attain an answer as they continue to commit to sustainable policy. It is hardly surprising that the idea of sustainability has encompassed a number of differing views, one of the most famous ideas is included in the 1987 Brundtland Report: Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. ’ (as cited in Cullingworth Nadin, 1997, p164) However the issue of sustainable development became a reality in the creation of Agenda 21, in Rio, 1992. This marked a comprehensive world programme for sustainable development in the twenty-first century, and the adoption of a wide degree of public participation. In the UK this is organised at central and local government levels. The former resulted in the Sustainable Development Strategy of 1994. At the local level, Local Agenda 21 (LA21) calls for each local authority to prepare and adopt a local sustainable development strategy. LA21 provides an opportunity to promote and maintain environmental quality at a level where the public can immediately feel the effects. It is essential that LA21 is a process by which the public can get involved in environmental issues affecting their immediate area, thus educating the population in the concepts of sustainability. LA21 is the process of drawing up and implementing local sustainable development plans, with the local authority working in partnership with citizens, local organisations and businesses to achieve this. (RCEP, 1999, p7) LA21 intentions are not purely environmental; sustainability includes social and economic issues that cover the community as a whole in an effort to build a consensus between people, rather than the traditional, confrontational ways of working. Once goals are sought, progress can be made and evaluated, by measuring progress. However the UK government could be criticised for being a little slow to respond to the issues outlined in Rio, the guidance for local authorities was issued in 1998. It came in the form of the good practice guide on Planning for Sustainable Development, from the DETR. In 1999 Labour introduced a new strategy for sustainable development, entitled A Better Quality of Life, it highlighted four key principles: 1. Social progress which recognises the needs of everyone 2. Protection of the environment 3. Prudent use of natural resources 4. Maintenance of high and stable levels of economic growth and employment (DETR, 1999) However the guidance has been criticised for its lack of strategic vision, as it sets no quantitative targets or timetables. This is highlighted in the notion that it is a very broad document, as there is a need to secure the approval from other Ministries in order to initiate new policy commitments. (UWE, 2000) Problems of the planning system in protecting the Environment Advisory bodies have promoted the need for target-led planning for a number of years. The term objective-led planning is aimed at broader strategic goals, e. g. Improving air quality, whereas target-led planning relates to more specific goals, e. g. Ozone levels not exceeding a certain concentration over a specified time period, as in the case for the inner London Boroughs. However there is still reluctance by government to set concrete targets in some sectors or areas at national level. They prefer to leave it up to the lower tiers of government, which can often cause considerable strain, e. . Meeting housing targets. However target-led planning is slowly becoming the norm for many local authorities as they implement their plans. They usually involve targets for the protection of sites, air quality, waste recycling etc. Central advice is starting to emerge, referring to the advice outlined in the DETR’s Planning for Sustainable Development: Towards Better Practice, 1998; here it noted that guidance on sustainability should contain specific targets, which could be incorporated into RPGs. It is these relationships between national and local objectives which will need to be observed closely in the near future in order to determine how different interests are integrated in the final production of plans. In many areas, there needs to be a greater range of targets, with clear strategies for their implementation. The problem is that plans remain plans unless they are implemented and with only 30% of all local authorities having theirs in place in 1998, sustainable policy will remain unactioned theory. DETR, 1999a, p2) It is vital that the plans are implemented in order to set realistic targets. Environmental planning in the UK is currently in a period of significant change. This is at all levels and across many issues. The number of plans, strategies, begin produced today is far greater than at any previous period. This is partly the result of extensive criticism over many years from the lack of planning in areas; most of it derives from EU or international developments (80% of all UK environmental policy originated in the EU). Plans have been advocated as being the primary source of reference in determining sustainable objectives that improve the quality of the environment. Environmental plans have subsequently grown considerably from local authorities, government agencies and ad hoc groups, which has brought together different issues. The number of plans should not be seen as a problem, the important issue is whether their development is co-ordinated and to what effect decision-makers implement them. As we near 2002, the next Earth Summit will ask questions of LA21, as the UK councils are getting ready to launch their plans. However work has already begun on Community Plans, which outline strategies for the well being of the local area and its people, again all councils are required to produce these. In aim theyre very like LA21, it is not clear how the two will connect together. In some places the LA21 is acting as the first draft of the Community Plan, which has advantages and disadvantages. In other places completely different teams of officers are developing the Community Plan, and theres no guarantee of any connection between the two. It seems obvious that the people who took the trouble to have an input into the LA21 process will want to see some action come about as a result. Another concern is that Community Planning doesnt have the connection to the global picture that LA21 has built in. As environmental issues have become more complex, ways have been sought to measure the impacts of development. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a procedure introduced into the British planning system as a result of an EC Directive. EIA provides a powerful tool for aiding planning decisions; it has highlighted questions on the technical understanding of the environment and the availability of relevant information and skills. EIA needs to be able to subjectively demonstrate its understanding of development with their effects on the environment. The education of planners and access to environmental information is essential in making sense of the answers. Recent studies have shown that the UK does not have the extensive requirements for environmental assessment as some of its European counterparts. Sweden and the Netherlands have quite stringent regulations on the environmental assessment of its planning applications, New Zealand in particular requires all planning applications to have an environmental impact assessment statement. (UWE, 2000) This illustrates the differing views on sustainable objectives; countries such as Sweden and the Netherlands have interpreted it in terms of very specific principles, whereas the UK has applied a plethora of general statements, which incorporate the environment, economic and social dimensions of sustainability. However there is an overall general recognition from European countries towards the need for a more comprehensive view of planning. The importance of planning is perhaps best highlighted by looking at those nations which have a relatively weak framework; the USA system adopts a vary degree of influences, to the extent where it is difficult to identify any particular ethos. Major influences arise from the roles of non-governmental organisations and the US courts. It is worth noting that the USA has been one of the nations who have struggled to attain sustainable objectives. Is the UK planning system the best way to improve the environment? The UK needs to gain a greater understanding of sustainability and environmental protection and the implications for the operation of environmental planning. It seems that there are clear holes in national strategic planning, which have left the decisions to the lower tiers of government. Part of the reason could be the UK’s fairly complicated legislative framework, which perhaps needs to be simplified to allow for greater integration of environmental planning. IEEP, 1999, p60) This rigidness is reflected at all levels, but is particularly noticeable in local government where professional officers now have to understand the large scope of environmental policy, whilst adapting from an ethos of development led planning. Another factor is that senior planning officials may lack the environmental expertise needed to review planning applications. A issue accentuated by the fact most environmental data is presented with in-depth scientific knowledge, planners often have to sub-contract these aspects of an application to environmental experts. This is accentuated by the fact that pressure from central government to reduce the time taken to process planning applications may well conflict with environmental assessment, which invariably is a lengthy process. Criticisms of planners originate from the political nature of their profession. The key principle to maintain is the fact that the final decision rest with Politicians, planners have to remain the professional advisor, therefore the power to govern the land environmental will always remain in the hands of a political advocate. In reflection, planning in the UK has had a range of powerful tools that can effectively govern the environmental implemented in recent years. The main stimulus cannot be attributed to the national government, who have largely been apprehensive if not hostile in their approach to environmental policy. The spread of environmental concern is a direct result of public and international pressure; consequently governments have had to respond. The environment’s direct conflict with development has ensured that action has filter down to planning systems, which can effectively govern and control evelopment. The huge task of ensuring sustainable objectives is thus left to the local authority via the guidance from regional and central government, however the vagueness of which, means that LA21 objectives will vary greatly. This uncertainty has ensured that local sustainable development plans have been slow to be implemented. This is accentuated by the government’s reluctance to establish target-led planning, which could provide a valuable insight on how to tackle sustainable objectives head on. Therefore the issue of planning as the best means to improve environmental quality does represent an insincere statement. Planning is certainly a powerful tool in environmental protection, which is perhaps not being utilised to its fullest extent, but it will always have a heavy political influence. The growth of agencies outside the planning regime such as the Environment Agency can help ensure that environmental quality is maintained.